Online coaching seminars promise quick success: from self-investment to high sales figures. A number of offers are tempting and contracts are concluded with a click.
Unrealistic promises
“Invest in yourself” or “One customer after another achieves six-figure sales” – such promises characterize the advertising of countless online coaching seminars – in the digital age, potential customers are confronted with an almost unmanageable mass of advertising videos, social media appearances and websites. The conclusion of a contract, which suggests quick success, is now just a few clicks away. The business model of online coaching seminars is therefore gaining in presence and is increasingly raising relevant legal questions.
Legal framework: The Distance Learning Protection Act (FernUSG)
When it comes to the legal basis of distance learning in Germany, there is no way around the Distance Learning Protection Act (FernUSG). It came into force back in 1977 and is now increasingly becoming the focus of legal discussions once again. The central aim of the law is to protect participants in distance learning.
§ Section 1 FernUSG defines distance learning as the teaching of knowledge and skills on a contractual basis and for a fee, with a predominant physical separation of teachers and learners. According to § 12 FernUSG, distance learning courses require state approval by the Central Agency for Distance Learning (ZFU). This so-called ZFU approval ensures that the course meets certain minimum qualitative and didactic standards.
If there is no official approval from the ZFU, the contract is null and void in accordance with Section 7 (1) FernUSG. This was confirmed by the Federal Court of Justice (judgment of 12 June 2025 – III ZR 109/24), thus clarifying that the FernUSG can also apply to online coaching seminars and comparable mentoring programs. In the case decided, the participant was able to claim a full refund of fees already paid in the amount of 47,600 euros.
How consumers can protect themselves
Consumers should take a close look before booking an online coaching seminar: A complete legal notice, comprehensive revocation instructions or clear service descriptions are among the mandatory minimum legal requirements and must be clearly recognizable at first glance.
Particular care should be taken with unrealistic promises in connection with non-transparent costs: a close look at the actual service description is essential here. If there is any doubt as to whether the contract has been approved under the FernUSG or is otherwise valid, a legal review is recommended. In many cases, a lawyer can clarify whether payments can be reclaimed or ongoing obligations can be terminated.
